The place was first mentioned as Jagiwa in a Polish inspection document dating
from 1599. At a distance of 2 km from the former Jõgeva estate a railway
station was founded in 1876 and around it an inn, a shop, a post-office and a
horse post-station were built. A settlement was soon formed around them and
in 1903 plots of land were also distributed. In 1919 Jõgeva became alevik (a
small rural town) and in 1949 it was given the status of town and has been a
county capital since then. It has a population of 6,700. The poetess Betti Alver,
who was born in Jõgeva and to whom a monument has been erected, and the
composer Alo Mattiisen are two well-known persons who come from Jõgeva.
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